Ethical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical analysis - Essay Example The treating physician has to maximize the benefits and decrease the harm for his/her patient .However, there are times when the physician, the patient and/or patient`s family might find it difficult to proceed; due to the fact that harm and benefit are not in a balance. In the case of J.R., the patient was complaining of leg pain for which he sought medical consultation. Further, the medical consultation resulted in a recommendation for a bone biopsy; a biopsy which showed bone cancer. The physician decided to start the treatment immediately. The treatment was chemotherapy with a chance of leg amputation. But it was not clear what was the probability of amputation. Considering the medical situation, a decision to disclose the information regarding the treatment plan with a chance of leg amputation will result in a psychological harm to the patient. The harm is that the patient knows the diagnosis before the graduation. Another harm would be expected when the patient gains an access to his lab results and knows the diagnosis by himself. This will prevent the patient from enjoying the graduation. The physician is facing a challenge to his duty in truth telling. This quadrant is derived directly from the ethical principle of respect for patient autonomy. Furthermore, this deals with what the patient prefers if he is competent and his presumed wishes if he is not competent. J.R. is a competent adult. This is clear when the treating physician had obtained J.R permission to speak to his parents after the surgery.This suggest that the physician had assessed the capability of J.R and realized that the patient has the right for confidentiality and to choose whom to share the medical information with. What is the preference of this capable adult? This is unknown with regards to this particular case; however, it is related that the mother`s preference is to let her son fully enjoy the graduation which will not be possible if

Election Primaries in Israel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Election Primaries in Israel - Essay Example Due to the country’s unique security needs and political fragmentation, Likud and Labour parties have in some cases formed a coalition government. Likud will elect its candidate for prime minister for the next election in January 31, 2012. Since elections in Israel are held every four years, the primaries for Likud party are also held every four years in order to get the candidate who will represent the party in the next general election to become the prime minister hence forming the government. Vorobev (2010) explains that the party’s constitution requires that leadership primaries should be held up to six months prior to the general elections. In the primaries, members of the party who have the right to vote meet so as to vote their candidate for the next election. These members come from all parts of the country. The party begins the process by identifying the electorate, that is, the body that selects the candidates to be involved in the primaries depending on vario us party criteria. The Israel Democracy Institute (2011) observes that the election of the candidate is often based on the ideology of the candidate and his or her position on various issues relating to Israel such as foreign policy, the Israel—Palestine conflict. ... rael Labour Party constitution requires that primaries should be held so that the candidate for next election is identified to compete with candidates from other parties. The constitution has set a 40% threshold for the candidates; candidates should win with 40% of all votes casted in the primaries in order to be candidates for the party. In an event that the persons vying for the candidature of the party do not attain the 40% threshold, a second round of the election is held (Vorobev, 2010). The two candidates with the best results from the first round battle each other out in the second round. The winner of the primaries also becomes the automatic chairman of the party (The Israel Democracy Institute, 2011). Primaries in 3 parties in other Countries Apart from Israel, there are other countries across the world whose parties hold primary elections. This discussion will focus on the three parties namely; the Democrat Party in the United States, the French Socialist Party in France, a nd the Radical Civic Union in Argentina. In regard to the Democrat Party, just like the Republican Party, the other major party in the US, it conducts national conventions in order to elect the party’s presidential candidate for the next election. Norrander (2010) notes, the conventions are held in each state of the US where the presidential candidates are elected by each state’s delegates. This is usually preceded by a series demonstrations and speeches in support of each party’s candidate. The candidate who is first to receive the leading majority of delegates votes eventually becomes the presidential candidate of the party (Norrander, 2010). After being elected as the candidate of the party to run for presidency is then supposed to select the vice president from one of the party